NICE has today published draft guidance recommending the first long-acting injectable treatment for HIV-1 infection in adults.
Today’s draft guidance is the first time NICE has made recommendations about the use of an HIV treatment since these came under NICE’s remit in 2019.
It is estimated that around 13,000 people will now be eligible for treatment with cabotegravir with rilpivirine in England.
Current treatment for HIV‑1 is lifelong antiretroviral tablets taken each day, with the aim being to keep the number of virus particles in the blood (the viral load) so low that it cannot be detected or transmitted between people.
Cabotegravir (also called Vocabria and made by Viiv Healthcare) with rilpivirine (also called Rekambys and made by Janssen), is recommended as an option for adults with HIV-1 infection for a number of reasons.
This includes when antiretroviral medicines they are already taking to treat HIV-1 have kept the virus at a low level and where there is no evidence to suspect viral resistance, as well as no previous failure of other anti-HIV-1 medicines called nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) and integrase inhibitors (INIs).
Clinical trial results show that cabotegravir with rilpivirine is as effective as oral antiretrovirals at keeping the viral load low.
Both cabotegravir and rilpivirine are administered as two separate injections every two months, after an initial oral (tablet) lead-in period.
Commenting, Deputy Chief Executive and Director of the Centre for Health Technology Assessment at NICE, Meindert Boysen said:
“Despite scientific advances, HIV is still incurable, but the virus can be controlled by modern treatment.
“However, for some people, having to take daily multi-tablet regimens can be difficult because of drug related side effects, toxicity and other psychosocial issues, such as stigma or changes in lifestyle.
“The committee heard that stigma remains an issue for people living with HIV and can have a negative impact on people’s health and relationships.
“We’re pleased therefore to be able to recommend cabotegravir with rilpivirine as a valuable treatment option for people who already have good levels of adherence to daily tablets, but who might prefer an injectable regimen with less frequent dosing.”
